775. Global and Local Inversions 全局倒置与局部倒置
作者: 负雪明烛 id: fuxuemingzhu 个人博客: http://fuxuemingzhu.cn/
题目地址: https://leetcode.com/problems/global-and-local-inversions/description/
题目描述:
We have some permutation A of [0, 1, ..., N - 1]
, where N is the length of A.
The number of (global) inversions is the number of i < j
with 0 <= i < j < N
and A[i] > A[j]
.
The number of local inversions is the number of i with 0 <= i < N
and A[i] > A[i+1]
.
Return true if and only if the number of global inversions is equal to the number of local inversions.
Example 1:
Input: A = [1,0,2]
Output: true
Explanation: There is 1 global inversion, and 1 local inversion.
Example 2:
Input: A = [1,2,0]
Output: false
Explanation: There are 2 global inversions, and 1 local inversion.
Note:
- A will be a permutation of [0, 1, ..., A.length - 1].
- A will have length in range [1, 5000].
- The time limit for this problem has been reduced.
题目大意
如果存在i < j
with 0 <= i < j < N
and A[i] > A[j]
,称之为一个全局翻转。 如果存在0 <= i < N
and A[i] > A[i+1]
,称之为一个局部翻转。 判断一个由0~N - 1组成的一个乱序数组中,全局翻转的个数与局部翻转的个数是否相等。
解题方法
首先当j = i + 1时,可以看出,一个局部翻转就是一个全局翻转。那么如果要使得局部翻转和全局翻转的个数相等,那么必须要求全局翻转也是一个局部翻转。所以,对于任意的j > i + 1,不能存在A[i] > A[j],即需要满足A[i] <= A[j].
从上面的关系可以看出,我们必须使max(A[:i]) <= A[i + 2]。
最坏情况下的时间复杂度是O(N),空间复杂度是O(1)。
class Solution(object):
def isIdealPermutation(self, A):
"""
:type A: List[int]
:rtype: bool
"""
cmax = 0
for i in range(len(A) - 2):
cmax = max(cmax, A[i])
if cmax > A[i + 2]:
return False
return True
上面的想法并没有好好的利用题目给出的数字是0N-1这个条件。所以我们继续思考,如果原来的顺序是0N-1,那么如何交换两个数字才能满足局部翻转的个数等于全局翻转呢?答案当然是只翻转相邻的两个元素。否则会构造出来一个不是局部翻转的全剧翻转。所以i的位置上只能放A[i-1],A[i],A[i+1]。
class Solution(object):
def isIdealPermutation(self, A):
"""
:type A: List[int]
:rtype: bool
"""
for i, a in enumerate(A):
if abs(a - i) > 1:
return False
return True
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/global-and-local-inversions/discuss/113644/Easy-and-Concise-Solution-C++JavaPython
日期
2018 年 10 月 1 日 —— 欢度国庆!